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Vietnam coping with the challenge of climate changes
Vietnam coping with the challenge of climate changes
10/9/14
Our lives
are now facing a lot of challenges which could cause bad effects to our daily
lives. One of the most typical ones is climate change. The air we breathe, the
water we drink, the food we eat… they would become toxic to our health and
unusable, that due to the effects of climate change.
As UN’s
definition, Climate change is a
significant time variation in weather patterns occurring over periods ranging
from decades to millions of years. Climate change may refer to a change in
average weather conditions, or in the time variation of weather around
longer-term average conditions (i.e., more or fewer extreme weather events).
Climate change is caused by factors such as biotic processes, variations in solar
radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics, and volcanic eruptions. Certain
human activities have also been identified as significant causes of recent
climate change, often referred to as "global warming"
Scientists
actively work to understand past and future climate by using observations and
theoretical models. A climate record — extending deep into the Earth's
past — has been assembled, and continues to be built up, based on
geological evidence from borehole temperature profiles, cores removed from deep
accumulations of ice, floral and faunal records, glacial and periglacial
processes, stable-isotope and other analyses of sediment layers, and records of
past sea levels. More recent data are provided by the instrumental record.
General circulation models, based on the physical sciences, are often used in
theoretical approaches to match past climate data, make future projections, and
link causes and effects in climate change.
It’s obviously that climate change is one of the biggest
challenges for humanity, it will seriously affect production, life and the
environment worldwie. That would cause bad effects to global security on many
aspects such as energy, food, social, employment, diplomacy, culture, economics,
commerce, life, human’s health…
Vietnam is one of the most vulnerable countries to the
impacts of climate change. Its long coastline (3,200 km) and large deltas make
it particularly susceptible to more intense and frequent natural disasters,
rising sea levels, coastal erosion, and salt water intrusion. Vietnam loses
around 2 per cent of GDP per year as a result of weather-related disasters. In
2013, Vietnam
faced an unusually high number of natural disasters, including 15 intense
typhoons causing 277 deaths/missing and 855 injuries and economic losses
estimated at 28,000 billion VND, approximately double the rate recorded for
2012. Such events are projected to get worse with the impacts of climate
change. Vietnam
is already experiencing wetter wet seasons; dryer dry seasons; higher intensity
rainfall, flash flooding and increased frequency of tropical cyclones. Sea
levels have risen 20cm, and if they rise by just one metre, more than 11 per
cent of Vietnam’s
coastal population (around 4 million people) could be displaced.
Though
climate change in some extent is still quite new to Vietnam, we already have had
assessments and strategies to deal with this challenge.
Not just stop at
raising people's perceptions,
in terms of policy, the Communist Party
of Vietnam with the role of leadership of the country has had very basic
documents for adaptation
of global climate change.
To specify the policy of the Party, Vietnam’s Government
have had early built and issued policy documents, legal standards, creating a
legal framework for the disaster prevention and mitigation, climate change adaptation
such as: Law of Dykes; Law on Water Resources; Law on Forest Protection and
Development ...
In parallel with these domestic activities, the
Government has taken actions early to get more active role in the forums,
international conferences, building the image of an active Vietnam in response to climate
change.
.For the efforts Vietnam has taken, the World Bank has highly
valued Viet Nam's green
growth strategy and the measures Vietnam has been taking to cope
with climate change. WB made promises to continue giving aid to Vietnam
in the fight against climate change and global warming.
Vietnam determined that climate
change is a serious challenge, to cope with this problem we must conduct
simultaneous adaptation and mitigation, in which adaptation is a priority,
actively prevent and avoid disaster is the focus.
However, specific actions need to be more aggressive on
the whole political system to cope with
climate change, fostering green growth and developing a low-carbon economy.
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All comments [ 10 ]
Research in coastal northern Vietnam shows that baseline social vulnerability is enhanced by some institutional and economic factors associated with Vietnam's economic transition from central planning, namely the breakdown of collective action on protection from extreme events and an increasingly skewed income.
Climate change is one of biggest challenges to the human beings
Climate change can lead to serious impacts on production, life and environment on a global scale
According to a report of the Intergovernmental Committee for Climate Change, the global mean temperature and the sea level have sharply increased for the past 100 years, especially in recent 25 years
In Viet Nam, over 50 years, the mean temperature has increased by 0.5-0.70C, and the sea level has risen by 20 cm. El Nino and La Nina cause more and more impacts. Climate change has really made natural disasters, especially storms, floods and droughts, increasingly violent.
Viet Nam is considered as one of the countries most affected by climate change, its Mekong Delta is one of the world’s three most vulnerable deltas (together with the Nile Delta in Egypt and the Ganges Delta in Bangladesh) to the sea level rising
Climate change seriously threatens food security and agricultural development
Viet Nam plans to become a modern industrialized country by 2020, its production and consumption of energies will sharply increase, especially in industries, transport, and urban development, resulting in higher emission of greenhouse gas
Temperatures have increased by 0.05-0.20°C and sea level has increased by 2-4 cm per decade in the last 50 years
A key challenge for Viet Nam is to manage its rapid economic development in a sustainable manner and to prevent adverse impacts of environmental degradation and climate change.
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