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Orientations and solutions for better sustainable development policies

4/10/17

Given the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development shifting from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the global scale, to achieve better sustainable development policies in the next stage environmental protection must be placed at the forefront; economic growth must be linked with environmental protection and settlement of emerging social issues. Democracy and justice will also be important requirements in the implementation of sustainable development policy.
To complete policies for sustainable development in the next stage, it is necessary to strengthen environmental protection, implement economic restructuring policy in association with reforming the growth model, developing the economy with green growth, clean energy, renewable energy and implement policies to ensure food security, develop sustainable agriculture, rural areas, regions, areas and localities, remove bottlenecks in policy towards state-owned enterprises and investment. In other words, while implementing policies for economic growth, it is necessary to attach importance to the implementation of social policies, and policies on protection of resources and environment and response to climate change.
Continue reforming the market economy, create a healthy and fair competitive environment for all industries, sectors and enterprises in line with international commitments and international integration roadmap. Speed up the process of SOE reform. Maintain macroeconomic stability, promote restructuring to improve the efficiency of the economy, create an environment that encourages businesses to continually innovate. Continue to improve investment efficiency, mobilize funds for economic growth. It is important to attract domestic and foreign capital to develop medium and long-term capital markets through speeding up equitization and restructuring the stock market. Develop financial markets, debt trading markets, emerging financial instruments, and leasing of assets. Improve the performance of the monetary market; open credit market and banking services to meet development requirements and in line with international commitments. Implement fiscal policy to strict manage state budget revenues and spending, with the state budget-to-GDP ratio averaging around 20% - 21%.
Complete green growth policy, and develop clean, and renewable energy. Enhance understanding and awareness of green growth, helping communities in society, especially the business community, acquire correct awareness and understanding, thereby taking practical actions to contribute to sustainable development. Implement policy to improve efficient energy use, reduce energy consumption in production, transportation and commerce; gradually change the fuel structure in industrial production and transportation, such as the use of new, clean, renewable energy with less greenhouse gas emissions. Attract and mobilize investment sources for the development of clean and renewable energy along with a reasonable and appropriate price policy and encourage the use of this energy in production and daily life.
Enhance the operation of market-based instruments to boost production, consumption of clean energy, renewable energy with less “greenhouse gas” emissions, such as carbon tax, fossil fuel energy quotas, formation of domestic carbon finance market. Study and issue quotas (norm quotas) on production and consumption of clean energy and renewable energy. Set export and import tax rates for eco-products in line with the international and regional integration roadmap in order to boost production, import and export of environmental-friendly products. Attract the private sector’s invest in climate change response, green growth in the form of technology change/pilot project/case studies, public-private partnerships (PPP) in the field of infrastructure construction, and production of clean electricity.
It is necessary to have solutions on sustainable production and consumption and policies to encourage organizations and individuals to invest in the production and trading of environment-friendly products. Integrate sustainable production and consumption into national and sectoral development plans, and economic development, environmental protection and poverty reduction programs. Advocate and encourage environmental-friendly lifestyles, sustainable consumption, sense of environmental protection, build a society with less waste, and low carbon, and live in harmonious with environment. Create close relation between green producers, green products and "green consumers."
Promote the renewal of technology; gradually apply clean and environment-friendly technology. Harness and use resources in a sustainable way; increase the use of new and renewable resources instead of exhaustible resources.
Step up the development of environmental industry, develop and scale up green business models and adopt price support policies for green products and services; enhance marketing and advertising of green products and services. Develop a system of standards and certification for a green, environment-friendly distribution model.
Sustainable development must ensure food security, sustainable agricultural and rural development. The restructuring of agriculture should focus strongly on restructuring public investment and public services in agriculture, creating an enabling environment for effective and sustainable formation of agro-based agricultural value chains based on comparative advantages of each region and locality. Scale up high-tech agriculture, wide application of science and technology, especially biotechnology, information technology in agricultural production and management.

Step up agricultural insurance market, strengthen farmers' response to risks, ensure that agriculture is less vulnerable to climate change; localities, especially those in low terrains, should work out timely response plans and arrange suitable agricultural production.
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