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Furthering the implementation of social security policy to ensure social progress and equity in Vietnam (Part 2 and end)

27/5/18
In order to overcome these shortcomings and weaknesses, in addition to raising the productivity and efficiency of labor for economic growth, creating resources for the State to materialize well social security policies, it is necessary to simultaneously implement the following groups of measures:

First, renew awareness on social security policy.
The 12th National Party Congress affirmed to shift from humanitarian assistance to ensuring social security of citizens. Poverty reduction policy should be more focused and effective, using multi-dimensional poverty approach to ensure basic social security and access to essential social services. Renewal of awareness on social security should focus on:

First, consider "the Social Security Strategy for Vietnam 2011-2020" as part of “the Socio-Economic Development Strategy 2011-2020." Accordingly, efforts must be made in education and communication with diversified contents and forms to raise awareness of cadres, organizations and individuals within the Party and among the people, from leaders to each person about their rights and obligations in developing and implementing social security in the political system from the central to grassroots level. These efforts will help raise individual awareness and responsibility, creating a movement to implement social security.
Second, renovate the way of thinking and enhance the Party's leadership capacity towards social security to achieve social equity. Accordingly, the Party lines should fully imbued with Marxism-Leninism, and Ho Chi Minh Thought on social security in association with social progress to achieve the goal of people liberation and national independence. People are entitled to plentifulness and happiness. Everyone has food and clothes and access to education. The poor, and the vulnerable have enough food to eat. Those who have enough food must be better off. Those who are well-off must become richer. Therefore, the Party needs to build a democratic social security system, discover and harness potential of organizations, businesses, individuals and people of all strata to develop the social security system. It is necessary to ensure equity and equality in contribution to and getting benefit from the social security, from developing mechanisms, policies and laws in administration and management of cadres and civil servants. At the same time, listen to opinions and come under the supervision and criticism of service establishments and beneficiaries on Party policies in social security.
Third, perfect the State’s social function in order to bring into play the leading role of the State in the development of social security, management, supply and mobilization of resources for social security. The primary solution is to build and realize the social security system to continue institutionalizing the Party viewpoints and lines on social security into mechanisms, policies, laws, balance and allocation of the state budget to develop a multi-layered and flexible social security system to help people benefit from the superiority of social security and contribute to the promotion of social equity.

Fourth, promote social inclusion for the implementation of social security. Through their activities, social organizations contribute to promoting the development of the social security system in particular and the country in general. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the role of these organizations in supervising and contributing critical opinions towards the Party policies and lines and State laws and policies on social security. Social organizations’ supervision will present truthfully and fully social security needs of people of all strata, helping management agencies to completely and objectively understand social needs to adjust lines, policies and laws on social security in time.
Secondly, renovate the implementation of social security policy.
First, economic development is linked to social security objectives. The Resolution of the 12th Party Congress stated: "The state uses institutions, resources, regulation tools, distribution and redistribution policies to develop culture, exercise democracy, social progress and equity, ensure social security, step by step improve social welfare and people's living conditions in all aspects, and narrow the gap between the rich and the poor." (11) Economic development must take social and personal welfare as a goal, harmonizing economic, cultural and social development so that all members of society can benefit from minimum essential conditions.
Second, implement universal and comprehensive social security policy. In order to create a basis for Vietnam to push forward the implementation and improvement of healthy and sustainable social security, and promote social progress and equity, in the coming years, we need to pay attention to its pillars, first of all, social insurance. Building and development on a secure, and sustainable social insurance system are a basis for social progress. It is necessary to:
Develop a multi-layered, flexible and mutually supportive social security system (including insurance system: social, health, unemployment, and pension insurance); social assistance, social benefits and poverty alleviation program. Though the social security system is multi-layered, it must has focus and its key pillars are social and health insurance, social assistance and incentives to ensure its sustainability. It is necessary to build a complete social insurance system based on the principle of contribution-benefit (compulsory and voluntary insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance). Separate social insurance from non-productive administrative sector and corporate sector, pay attention to vulnerable groups, such as ethnic minorities, people who lost their jobs, social assistance and relief beneficiaries. Diversify social relief forms, shift to non-profit provision of social protection services, create opportunities and give priority to beneficiaries to access economic resources, essential public services, equality in education and training, job training, job creation, healthcare, housing, culture and information.
Third, create a proactive labor market in order to ensure the implementation of social relations between job-seeking laborers and employers through agreement on wages and other working conditions in the form of written contracts or any other forms of agreement. In fact, in transaction relations or labor market negotiations, the balance is often tilted towards employers as the number of job seekers is still higher than the number of jobs and job seekers have often limited resources. Therefore, it is necessary to develop proactive labor market policy, a measure to prevent unemployment and underemployment to create jobs and increase income, meet labor demands and promote social equity (assistance to vulnerable laborers). On the other hand, it is necessary to promote international cooperation, and make use of resources and experiences of other countries in building and implementing social security policy.


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