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Innovating organisation to effectively implement new policies
Innovating organisation to effectively implement new policies
16/12/16
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The Government and Prime Minister have
issued numerous important policies to support ethnic minority and mountainous
areas in the 2016-2020 period, aiming to implement major policies to promote
great national unity, investment for the comprehensive development of such
areas, sustainable poverty reduction and measures to improve the material and
spiritual lives of local people.
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Member of the Party Central Committee (PCC) and
Minister-Chairman of the Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs Do Van Chien has
granted Nhan Dan an interview on future policies relating to ethnic minority
affairs.
Q: Currently, ethnic minorities and residents
of mountainous regions are faced with numerous difficulties; however, it can
be said that work relating to ethnic minority affairs and the implementation
of policies supporting ethnic minority and mountainous areas have received
special attention from ministries and agencies at all levels. Could you
inform us of the results of the implementation of policies on ethnic minority
affairs in the recent past?
A: Over the past five years, the ministries, branches of
government, the entire political system and the whole of society have paid
much attention to the implementation of policies for ethnic minority and
mountainous areas, yielding important results. During the 2011-2015 period,
the Government’s Programme 135, which aims to raise living standards in
remote and mountainous areas, covered 3,059 villages in 2,331 communes in 415
districts and 52 provinces and centrally governed cities at a total cost of
over VND15.67 trillion.
The programme supported more than 1.33 million households in
developing their production capacity; built 21,189 infrastructure projects
for transport, irrigation, electricity, schools and medical stations; repaired
and upgraded 5,799 works of infrastructure; and opened 4,000 training courses
on agriculture and forestry. By the end of this period, 80 communes and 372
villages experiencing difficulties accomplished targets laid out in Programme
135.
In addition, numerous policies on ethnic minority affairs have
been successfully implemented, such as settled agricultural and settlement
practices for 30,000 households; supporting production and residential lands
for 12,000 households and supporting job changes for 7,000 households. The
lives of residents of ethnic minority and mountainous areas have seen
remarkable improvement and many locales have overcome especially difficult
circumstances.
Q: At the discussion on the Plan for Economic
Restructuring during the 2016-2020 Period at the fourteenth National
Assembly’s ongoing second session, while reporting on issues relating to
socioeconomic status and major policies on investment for comprehensive
development in ethnic minority and mountainous areas, you mentioned the
difficulties and shortcomings characterising these areas. Could you explain
more about this?
A: Ethnic minority and mountainous regions have more than
13 million people, mainly living in areas facing especially difficult
circumstances, including over 8 million in border areas. According to a
survey on socioeconomic status in 53 ethnic minority groups, the rate of poor
households in ethnic minority and mountainous areas is 23.1% (3.3 times
higher than the average level of the country), including several groups with
rates of over 75% and where the percentage of trained labourers over 15 years
of age has only reached 6.2%.
In addition, more than 20% of ethnic minority people over 15
years of age cannot read and write common Vietnamese sentences; there are ten
minorities with child marriage rates of over 45% and six where the percentage
of marriages between people with blood relations is over 25%.
Obviously, the high poverty rate, less sustainable poverty
reduction, natural disasters, epidemics, the lack of jobs, low income, the
high percentage of children dropping out of school and outdated habits and
customs are still are big challenges.
Q: Through reviewing and assessing the results
of the implementation of policies towards ethnic minorities during the
2011-2015 period, the Committee for Ethnic Affairs has identified
shortcomings and obstacles as bases for advising the Government and PM to
develop policies for the 2016-2020 term. How will policies be adjusted to
keep abreast with reality?
A: In this period, in order to ensure the success of the
programme and achieved set targets , central agencies should step up efforts
to mobilise all resources and innovate ways to implement policies with the
aim of boosting decentralisation to provinces, cities, districts and communes
in managing resources and taking responsibility for implementing specific
projects. In addition, it is very necessary to enhance lending at
preferential interest rates and conditional support, to promote the internal
resources of the ethnic minority peoples in association with the State’s
support and to actively overcome difficulties.
Accordingly, policies directly supporting households will be
transferred to supporting communities to create livelihoods for them. The
households will be lent money for production at preferential interest rates
instead of receiving without giving back, and will be supported on condition
instead of being provided with long-term support. The elderly, those
incapable of engaging in labour, homeless people and people with disabilities
will benefit from social policies.
On the other hand, it is essential to strengthen the
participation and supervision of local people in the implementation of
policies relating to ethnic minority affairs and to give priority to
investment in practical projects, immediately meeting the demands of
production and the livelihoods of the people.
Q: So far, many important policies have been
announced to develop ethnic minority and mountainous regions for the
2016-2020 period. Could you talk about major policies?
A: Major policies may be divided into two
groups, namely general and specific policies. General policies include the
national target programme on building new-style rural areas, which includes
the allocation of resources to areas facing special difficulties; the
national target programme on sustainable poverty reduction, in which ethnic
minorities and mountainous areas will benefit from Project 30a on supporting
investment for socioeconomic development in poor districts (with a total
investment of VND18.745 trillion) and Programme 135 (consisting of three
phases) with a total capital of nearly VND16 trillion.
The PM also issued several specific policies, including one
supporting socioeconomic development in ethnic minority and mountainous areas
for the 2016-2020 period (under the Decision 2085/QĐ-TTg, which was released
on October 31); the VND1.8 trillion project facilitating socioeconomic
development among ethnic minorities with low populations for the 2016-2025
period (under Decision 2086/QĐ-TTg of October 31), which will be implemented
in 194 hamlets and villages where ethnic minority groups of low population
density live in 93 communes of 37 districts in twelve provinces; and the
policy for students and schools in villages and communes faced with special
difficulties, focusing on covering the expenses for students’ meals and rent.
In addition to the above policies, the Government has issued a
policy on the protection and development of forests in association with
policies on rapid and sustainable poverty reduction and supporting ethnic
minorities during the 2015-2020 period. Numerous other policies have been
agreed upon by ministries and branches of government and will be submitted to
the Government in the future.
Q: Along with the revision of policies and
mechanisms for their implementation, it is necessary to comprehensively
innovate ethnic minority work. Which measures and missions will relevant
agencies focus on implementing?
A: In order to successfully implement the Resolution of the
Twelfth National Party Congress, ethnic minority work should be renovated and
implemented synchronously and comprehensively, particularly enhancing
education to improve the quality of human resources in ethnic minority and
mountainous areas, meeting the requirements of the country’s
industrialisation and modernisation.
It is essential to strengthen education and communication and
the rule of law in such areas, particularly those faced with difficult
socioeconomic conditions, as well as to develop, popularise and replicate
effective production and business models. The relevant agencies should pay
close attention to promoting the role of outstanding and respected people
among ethnic minority communities who play an important role in building and consolidating
the bloc of great national unity, eliminating hunger, reducing poverty and
building new-style rural areas.
The task of comprehensively training and improving the skills
of functionaries at the grassroots level of the political system, particularly
increasing the number of Party members belonging to ethnic minority groups,
should be strengthened in the future. Ministries, branches of government and
local administrations need to attach great importance to diversifying their
methods of implementing policies and focusing on promoting the internal
resources of ethnic minority groups to help them move out of poverty towards
sustainable wealth creation.
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All comments [ 10 ]
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