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New efforts to strengthen global nuclear security (Part 2)
New efforts to strengthen global nuclear security (Part 2)
18/7/16
2. Strong commitments
International analysts believed that the world
has seen rapid and complicated changes. Together with the rising role of many
countries in a multi-pole world, the international community has witnessed the
expansion of terrorism, especially the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS) in
the Middle East and potentially in the whole world. It is likely that IS will
make radioactive “dirty bombs” and cause radioactive contamination on large
scale causing serious consequences for economies and people’s health. The U.S.
estimated that there exist about 2,000 tons of nuclear materials worldwide. It
takes only 25 kilograms of HEU to make an atomic bomb, and it is even much
simpler to make a radioactive “dirty bomb”. According to IAEA statistics, over
the past 20 years, there have been 2,800 cases of nuclear materials smuggling,
theft, and loss. That is why nuclear terrorism has become the most serious
threat to the world security.
Thus, in this Summit, most of the
participating countries, particularly nuclear powers, such as the U.S., France,
China, affirmed their commitment to strengthening nuclear security, nuclear
disarmament, nuclear non-proliferation, reducing the risk of nuclear terrorism,
and the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. French President Hollande
pledged that Paris would adopt any measures to ensure nuclear security for its
nuclear power plants and nuclear materials. Leaders of Japan, South Korea and
Norway also expressed their cooperative commitments on taking measures for a
non-nuclear weapon world. The U.S. – the only country ever used nuclear weapons
– reaffirmed its commitment to taking the leading role in nuclear weapon
disarmament, and proposed measures to strengthen cyber security for European
nuclear power centres. Notably, the U.S. and China released a 10-point Joint
Statement on Nuclear Security Cooperation. One of which is to strengthen
international peace and stability through reducing the risk of nuclear
terrorism and enhancing cooperation in nuclear security.
As an active and responsible member of the
international community, Vietnam took part in the Summit to affirm its
awareness of nuclear threats, particularly acts of nuclear terrorism worldwide.
It also took this occasion to express its consistence in non-proliferation and
disarmament of weapons of mass destruction including nuclear weapons, strongly
condemn the use of nuclear energy to threaten peace and stability of the region
and the world, back up and call for cooperation among countries to more
effectively prevent and combat nuclear terrorism in accordance with
international law and each country’s law. Therefore, the NSS 2016 was
considered a summit of commitments at highest level to strengthening nuclear
and nuclear materials security, and fighting nuclear terrorism globally.
Besides, the Summit also discussed 5 action
plans made by international organizations and initiatives relating to nuclear
security, such as IAEA, the UN, INTERPOL, the Global Initiative to Combat
Nuclear Terrorism (GICNT) and Global Partnership against the Spread of Weapons
of Mass Destruction (Global Partnership). In this regard, each action plan
would set out goals for member states of international initiatives to pursue.
In the Summit, the GICNT was considered an effective mechanism to disseminate
important messages of other nuclear security organizations as it has a large
number of member states (86 ones). Accordingly, this Plan could promote information
sharing and exchange, support countries in nuclear research, and provide
techniques and skills to handle nuclear crisis. The international community
expects that all the things mentioned above will promote the formation of
global nuclear security architecture.
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All comments [ 3 ]
There has been a 70 per cent rise since 1999 in the amount of nuclear material in peaceful purposes and this trend will continue as global use of nuclear power increases.
Although there has not been a major terrorist attack involving nuclear or radiological material, it was important to remain vigilant.
Only a handful of these incidents involved material that could be used to make a nuclear explosive device. But some of the material that goes missing could be combined with conventional explosives to create a dirty bomb.
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